Drugs are substances that alter the physiological or psychological functions of the body. They can be classified into various categories based on their effects, legality, and therapeutic uses. Drugs can be natural or synthetic and are used for medical purposes, such as treating illnesses or alleviating symptoms, as well as recreationally for their psychoactive effects.
In a medical context, drugs are often classified as prescription medications, which require a doctor’s authorization, and over-the-counter medications, which can be purchased without a prescription. Some drugs are regulated due to their potential for misuse or addiction, such as narcotics, stimulants, and hallucinogens.
Recreational drugs include substances like alcohol, cannabis, and opioids, which may be used to alter mood or consciousness. Each drug has a specific mechanism of action and can have varying side effects, interactions, and potential for dependence. The study of drugs encompasses pharmacology, the science of how drugs interact with biological systems, and toxicology, which examines the harmful effects of drugs and poisons. Overall, drugs play a significant role in healthcare and society, influencing both individual health outcomes and public health policies.